oligodendroglioma pathology outlines
The median survival of all low-grade gliomas was estimated at 410 years, and survival of grade 3 gliomas was estimated at 34 years after diagnosis. Patients harboring TCF12 mutations or LOH exhibited a shorter median OS. (2003). 1985 Jul 1. J Clin Oncol. CBTRUS statistical report: primary brain and other central nervous system tumors diagnosed in the United States in 20102014. Jorge C Kattah, MD Head, Associate Program Director, Professor, Department of Neurology, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Peoria Macdonald, D., Cairncross, G., Stewart, D., Forsyth, P., Sawka, C., Wainman, N., et al. Oligodendrogliomas usually appear as a single tumor with well-defined borders. J. Clin. Meanwhile, smart integration of morphological and molecular information will lead to recognition of biologically much more uniform groups within the spectrum of diffuse gliomas and thereby facilitate tailored treatments for individual patients. A chemotherapy called temozolomide is also being studied in clinical trials. Oligodendroglial tumors are rare tumors, constituting approximately 5 percent of all neuroepithelial tumors of the central nervous system [ 2 ]. (2019). This website also contains material copyrighted by 3rd parties. 0000248012 00000 n 17, 15161525. 0000124516 00000 n (1991). J. Clin. 0000225852 00000 n Labreche, K., Simeonova, I., Kamoun, A., Gleize, V., Chubb, D., Letouz, E., et al. J. Neuropathol. Molecular subtypes of anaplastic oligodendroglioma: implications for patient management at diagnosis. Cancer. Neuro Oncol. Sci. In giant cells gliomas, giant cells were GFAP negative or weakly positive. Oncol. Paleologos NA, Vick NA, Kachoris JP. (Aug 2014). (2012). Abrey, L. E., Childs, B. H., Paleologos, N., Kaminer, L., Rosenfeld, S., Salzman, D., et al. Neuro Oncol. Oligodendrogliomas are primary glial brain tumors that are divided into grade 2 and grade 3 tumors, with grade 3 tumors showing anaplastic features such as microvascular proliferation, necrosis,. Elsewhere, another phase 1 study (NCT02644291) is assessing the use of mebendazole in recurrent/progressive pediatric brain tumors of 21 participants. Roldan G, Scott J, George D, Parney I, Easaw J, Cairncross G. Leptomeningeal disease from oligodendroglioma: clinical and molecular analysis. Afterward in 2001, Chinot et al. Your IP address is listed in our blacklist and blocked from completing this request. Oligodendrogliomas are a type of glioma that are believed to originate from the oligodendrocytes of the brain or from a glial precursor cell. [2]. Mutant IDH1 regulates the tumor-associated immune system in gliomas. Tambi Jarmi, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Physicians, American Medical AssociationDisclosure: Nothing to disclose. Overexpression of PDGF system components, particularly the subtype receptor (PDGFR), was detected in Southern and Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analyses 4/41 AO. ; Sahm, F.; Schrimpf, D.; Wiestler, B.; Capper, D.; Koelsche, C.; Schweizer, L.; Korshunov, A. et al. JNS 128, 10761083. Adekunle M Adesina, MD, PhD is a member of the following medical societies: American Association for the Advancement of Science, American Association of Neuropathologists, College of American Pathologists, United States and Canadian Academy of PathologyDisclosure: Nothing to disclose. For example, a test may look at the changes in the tumor cells' genetic material, called DNA. 0000226003 00000 n (2006). This means it begins in the brain or spinal cord. Abstract. Gene Expression Patterns 1, 115121. Maruno, M., Yoshimine, T., Muhammad, A. G., Tokiyoshi, K., and Hayakawa, T. (1996). This helps show the important parts of the brain so the surgeon can avoid them. Interestingly, it has been reported that TCF12 may have a haploinsufficient tumor suppressor role which increases the risk of developing AO in those patients harboring a TCF12 germline mutation. However, no results have proven enough benefit for treating patients with recurrent AO. (1996). Neurol. 56-64. Sipayya, V.; Sharma, I.; Sharma, KC. Please confirm that you would like to log out of Medscape. Patients in arm B received RT first followed by PCV chemotherapy. doi: 10.1038/nature08617, Uittenbogaard, M., and Chiaramello, A. IDH1 and IDH2 mutations are prognostic but not predictive for outcome in anaplastic oligodendroglial tumors: a report of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Brain Tumor Group. TCF12 protein is a transcription factor and member of the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) E-protein family. Procarbazine, CCNU, vincristine (PCV) chemotherapy for benign oligodendroglioma. IDH1 and IDH2 mutations are prognostic but not predictive for outcome in anaplastic oligodendroglial tumors: a report of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Brain Tumor Group. 45(5):232-8; discussion 238-9. The cellular density is moderate to high, and the fried-egg appearance dominates the histologic features. van den Bent MJ, Carpentier AF, Brandes AA, Sanson M, Taphoorn MJ, Bernsen HJ, et al. Sometimes, there are cysts or fluid collections found within the mass. (1991). We Choose to Fight through Advocacy, Two-time Oligodendroglioma Survivor: Never Give Up Hope, NCI-CONNECT Rare Brain and Spine Tumor Network, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Dubbink HJ, Atmodimedjo PN, Kros JM, French PJ, Sanson M, Idbaih A, Wesseling P, Enting R, Spliet W, Tijssen C, Dinjens WN, Gorlia T, van den Bent MJ. (2007). Options Neurol. Am. It has therefore been suggested that complete 1p/19q codeletion be required for the diagnosis of 'canonical oligodendroglioma'. The oligodendroglioma, a relatively indolent form of diffuse gliomas thought to originate in oligodendrocytes, has never demonstrated myelin formation on electron microscopy nor shown a constant expression of myelin-related proteins. 0000127170 00000 n These alterations have correlated with a shorter event free survival (EFS; 29 vs. 53 months, p < 0.0001) and OS (48 vs. 83 months, p < 0.0001). In the cytosol, the product of the reaction catalyzed by IDH1, alpha-KG, has been reported to be involved in multiple cellular pathways including hypoxia sensing, lipogenesis and epigenetic modification through its action on alpha-KG dependent dioxygenases such as TET and JmjC and other enzymes (Mason et al., 1996; Buckner et al., 2003; Abrey et al., 2006; Taliansky-Aronov et al., 2006). Jaeckle KA, Ballman KV, van den Bent M, Giannini C, Galanis E, et al. Brandes, A. (2003). Oligodendroglial tumors. Adult central nervous system tumors treatment (PDQ) Patient version. 27, 149155. 2014;37:E13. (2011). . The authors and editors of Medscape Reference gratefully acknowledge the contributions of previous author Subramanian Hariharan, MD to the development and writing of this article. There are 11 ongoing clinical trials recruiting patients with AO. High-dose chemotherapy with stem cell rescue as initial therapy for anaplastic oligodendroglioma: long-term follow-up. 21, 251255. (2015). 0000230069 00000 n 14:722396. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.722396. 2006. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2012.43.2229. J Neurooncol. [4]. Neurology. Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase Health Dis. Impact of 9p deletion and p16, Cyclin D1, and Myc hyperexpression on the outcome of anaplastic oligodendrogliomas. The radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) also explored the use of pre-irradiation TMZ followed by concurrent TMZ and radiotherapy in a phase 2 study (RTOGBR013) (Vogelbaum et al., 2009). Exposure to radiation and certain gene changes that can be passed down through families have been linked to a higher chance of developing oligodendrogliomas. Oligodendrogliomas can spread to other areas of the CNS through cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), but is uncommon. 0000003303 00000 n 0000002967 00000 n 18, 15291537. This results in the opening of a binding site for the E26 transformation-specific transcription factors (Killela et al., 2013). Despite utilizing a multimodal approach in nearly all patients, refractory seizures can still be seen in patients suffering from epilepsy in 50% of the cases before the initial surgery and 1540% of cases following surgery and anticonvulsant therapy (Smits and Duffau, 2011; You et al., 2011; Calatozzolo et al., 2012). Oncol. Oligodendroglioma, IDH mutant and 1p/19q codeleted is CNS tumour that is typically in the cerebral hemispheres. Cancer Res 2006; 66:9852. doi: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000262034.26310.a2, Kaminska, B., Czapski, B., Guzik, R., Krl, S. K., and Gielniewski, B. This in turn allows tumor proliferation in low oxygen conditions (Zhao et al., 2009; Koivunen et al., 2012). More studies, however, are needed to explore molecular pathways in oligodendroglioma and AO specifically after the 2016 classification. Detection of p 16, RB, CDK4, and p53 gene deletion and amplification by fluorescence in situ hybridization in 96 gliomas. These cells make a substance that protects nerve cells and helps with the flow of electrical signals in the brain and spinal cord. (2016). Radiation plus Procarbazine, CCNU, and Vincristine in Low-Grade Glioma. Around 60% of people have a seizure before being diagnosed. Uhm, J. 61(9):1862-6. Share cases and questions with Physicians on Medscape consult. Neuro Oncol. Treatments after surgery may include radiation, chemotherapy, or clinical trials. 21(13):2525-8. 2016 Nov. 17 (11):1521-1532. ; Hernndez-Lan, A. et al. Amide Proton Transfer-Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer Imaging of Intracranial Brain Tumors and Tumor-like Lesions: Our Experience and a Review. Upregulating mutations in the TERT promoter commonly occur in adult malignant gliomas and are strongly associated with total 1p19q loss. JmjC demethylases are one of the many dioxygenases regulated by -KG and inhibited by 2-HG. 31, 344350. Loss of CIC and FUBP1 expressions are potential markers of shorter time to recurrence in oligodendroglial tumors. "[Diagnostic and prognostic values of 1p and 19q deletions in adult gliomas: critical review of the literature and implications in daily clinical practice]" (in French). ; Castresana, JS. (2006). Neuro Oncol. (2012) reported the survival benefit of immunotherapy in patients with relapsed AO enrolled in the HGG-IMMUNO-2003 trial. Neuro Oncol. See this image and copyright information in PMC. The earliest regimen used for the treatment of these tumors was procarbazine, lomustine, and vincristine. The majority of oligodendrogliomas occur in the frontal lobe, and the second most common site affected is the temporal lobe. J Clin Oncol. "Oligodendroglial-specific transcriptional factor SOX10 is ubiquitously expressed in human gliomas.". CODEL: phase III study of RT, RT+ TMZ, or TMZ for newly diagnosed 1p/19q codeleted oligodendroglioma. Telomerase normally functions to regenerate chromosomal ends (telomeres) thereby allowing DNA replication and mitosis. ; Tihan, T.; Lin, D.; McDonald, W.; Nigro, J.; Feuerstein, B.; Jackson, S.; Cohen, K. et al. (2017). Symptomatic spinal cord metastasis from cerebral oligodendroglioma. have a. Two of 10 central neurocytomas and 2/10 clear cell ependymomas showed focal OLIG2 expression. While IDH-WT tumors retained a poor prognosis and showed no benefit from PCV treatment, improved OS was seen in IDH mutant non-co-deleted tumors, and astrocytic tumors when treated with PCV plus RT. The main function of the IDH1 and IDH2 enzymes is the oxidative decarboxylation of isocitrate to alpha-ketoglutarate. J. Clin. O, Rourke, DM; Berger, SL; Chan, TA; Levine, R. L.; Mellinghoff, IK; Thompson, CB IDH mutation impairs histone demethylation and results in a block to cell differentiation. TERT promoter mutations occur frequently in gliomas and a subset of tumors derived from cells with low rates of self-renewal. 1987 Apr 1. 0000396314 00000 n 23 (3):457-467. Neuro Oncol. The median overall survival was 13.3 years in the RT+PCV group versus 7.8 years in the RT alone group, and progression-free survival at 10 years was 51% in the RT+PCV group versus 21% in the RT alone group. Shin, D.-W., Lee, S., Song, S. W., Cho, Y. H., Hong, S. H., Kim, J. H., et al. An Inhibitor of Mutant IDH1 Delays. Temporal lobe surgery for intractable epilepsy in children: an analysis of outcomes in 126 children. [Full Text]. 0000277188 00000 n 59, 495503. doi: 10.1093/neuonc/nox158. These tumors are genetically defined according to the mutations they harbor. Nat. government site. J. Neurosurg. Turcan et al. Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic School of Graduate Medical Education, Mayo Clinic School of Continuous Professional Development, Mayo Clinic on Incontinence - Mayo Clinic Press, NEW Mayo Clinic on High Blood Pressure - Mayo Clinic Press, Mayo Clinic on Hearing and Balance - Mayo Clinic Press, FREE Mayo Clinic Diet Assessment - Mayo Clinic Press, Mayo Clinic Health Letter - FREE book - Mayo Clinic Press, Financial Assistance Documents Minnesota, Infographic: Molecular Classification of Gliomas, Intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging (iMRI), Research provides critical information about the size and growth speed of gliomas, Book: Mayo Clinic Family Health Book, 5th Edition, Newsletter: Mayo Clinic Health Letter Digital Edition. Neurosurgery 68, 13261333. TCF12 Deficiency Impairs the Proliferation of Glioblastoma Tumor Cells and Improves Survival. Preliminary results are mentioned toward the end of the manuscript. [Full Text]. Copyright 1999 2023 GoDaddy Operating Company, LLC. Patients harboring co-deleted tumors can receive either PCV or TMZ. Oligodendroglioma,IDH mutant and 1p/19q codeleted. (2016). May have neuronal "islands" (Synapto +ve, NeuN +ve). 2010, 111112. Sahm F, Koelsche C, Meyer J, Pusch S, Lindenberg K, Mueller W, Herold-Mende C, von Deimling A, Hartmann C. Acta Neuropathol. The RTOG 9802 trial, which included non-molecularly stratified patients harboring grade II gliomas, demonstrated a 5.5-year survival benefit of PCV administration (Shaw et al., 2008). In addition to being a surrogate for oligodendroglial lineage, TERT mutations seem to have some prognostic significance (Dahlin et al., 2016). A better outcome was associated with IDH mutations and a combined HR estimate for OS and PFS was 0.33 (95% CI: 0.250.42) and 0.38 (95% CI: 0.210.68) for patients with gliomas harboring IDH mutation (Zou et al., 2013). Oncol. These are the precursors to cells called oligodendrocytes, which wrap around nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord to form insulation. Smear preparation of anaplastic oligodendroglioma. (2017). Science 343, 189193. (2008). (Jan 2015). 0000000016 00000 n [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. Adjuvant TMZ has also been shown to be effective with better tolerability and less toxicity (van den Bent et al., 2003; Brandes et al., 2006). The brain and spinal cord are made up of specialized cells called glial cells and neurons. Recent advances in molecular profiling technology, including comprehensive DNA sequencing 2012 Jul 30. trailer (2014). Int. 0000225482 00000 n A., Tosoni, A., Cavallo, G., Reni, M., Franceschi, E., Bonaldi, L., et al. Lately, IDH 1 and 2, which are known to generate nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH), have been heavily observed. Predictors of seizure freedom after resection of supratentorial low-grade gliomas: a review. NCT04708548 is an ongoing European cross-sectional study that is looking at health-related quality of parameters and outcomes in survivors after being treated with surgery, chemotherapy and/or RT. Cairncross JG, Berkey B, Shaw E. Phase III trial of chemotherapy plus radiotherapy compared with radiotherapy alone for pure and mixed anaplastic oligodendrogliomas: intergroup Radiation Therapy Oncology Group Trial 9402. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. HA conceived the idea for the manuscript. Neuro Oncol. 10, 295307. 24, 47464753. Oncol. ; Weaver, AL. Oligodendrogliomas are tumors that develop from a certain type of cell called oligodendroglial progenitor cells. Cyclin D1 expression was also significantly higher in AO and was associated with a shorter EFS (Michaud et al., 2018). This co-deletion, along with the IDH mutation, enables a tumor to be classified as an oligodendroglioma according to the WHO 2016 criteria (Louis et al., 2016). 2006 Jun 20. Together, grade 2 and 3 oligodendrogliomas are one-tenth as common as glioblastoma, the most commonly occurring malignant primary brain tumor in adults. (Jan 2013). [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. 0000124566 00000 n Cell Rep. 13, 23532361. 110, 129135. Br J Neurosurg. A randomized clinical trial is currently in progress to compare the efficacy of PCV or TMZ when combined with RT in 1p19q co-deleted tumors (CODEL: NCT00887146). 0000017138 00000 n doi: 10.1200/jco.2006.06.3891, Buckner, J. C., Gesme, D. Jr., OFallon, J. R., Hammack, J. E., Stafford, S., Brown, P. D., et al. Ann. (2003). "Phase III trial of chemoradiotherapy for anaplastic oligodendroglioma: long-term results of RTOG 9402.". Another currently ongoing phase I study (NCT04135807) is assessing the efficacy of an implantable microdevice in the brain before tumor resection is initiated. An independently validated survival nomogram for lower-grade glioma. The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. Analysis from the initial study design. Eur. Abrey, L. E., Louis, D. N., Paleologos, N., Lassman, A. (2018). doi: 10.1101/gad.294991.116, Ascierto, P. A., McArthur, G. A., Drno, B., Atkinson, V., Liszkay, G., Di Giacomo, A. M., et al. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. Oligodendroglioma is a growth of cells that starts in the brain. This reaction promotes the formation of NADPH, the reduced form of NADP+, which helps in protecting the cell from oxidative radicals that can damage DNA (Soffietti et al., 1998; van den Bent et al., 1998). This transition to an integrated morphological and molecular diagnosis may result in the disappearance of oligoastrocytoma as an entity, but brings new challenges as well. doi: 10.1093/neuonc/now133, Xu, W., Yang, H., Liu, Y., Yang, Y., Wang, P., Kim, S.-H., et al. 100, 22352241. MRI: frontal lobe tumor with cystic change, Vote for your favorite image from the PathologyOutlines.com Directory. PNETs may also have some swelling around them. Prospective studies are required to better . Temozolomide for low-grade gliomas: predictive impact of 1p/19q loss on response and outcome. It is believed that anaplastic oligodendroglioma (AO) can progress from a lower grade oligodendroglioma after the acquisition of specific genetic alterations (Youssef and Miller, 2020). Neurol. NOA-04 randomized phase III trial of sequential radiochemotherapy of anaplastic glioma with procarbazine, lomustine, and vincristine or temozolomide. Neurosci. This activation is of special interest since it has been shown that mTOR and its downstream effectors are implicated in tumorigeneses in brain malignancies (Fan and Weiss, 2010; Ryskalin et al., 2017). Oligodendroglioma - several images (upmc.edu), Oligodendroglioma with plasmacytoid cells (frontalcortex.com), http://www.emedicine.com/radio/topic481.htm, 10.1043/1543-2165(2007)131[242:CAOQLA]2.0.CO;2, https://librepathology.org/w/index.php?title=Oligodendroglioma&oldid=51960, Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International, highly cellular lesion composed of cells resembling, intra-axial mass, +/-calcifications (best seen on CT), nonenhancing or enhancing. The brain surgeon, who is also called a neurosurgeon, works to remove the tumor without harming healthy brain tissue. Oncol. The Far Upstream Element (FUSE) Binding Protein 1 (FUBP1) is known to regulate several cell cycle regulators such as MYC and p21. Res. The most common sign of an oligodendroglioma is a seizure. Clinical trials, with new chemotherapy, targeted therapy, or immunotherapy drugs, may also be available and can be a possible treatment option. In 8 recurring oligodendrogliomas, the number of GFAP positive tumour cells was the same in the primary tumour and in its recurrence. The treatment modalities have shifted over time, and recent studies are considering immunotherapy as an option as well. Such tumors may demonstrate necrosis among its diagnostic features. Imaging correlates of molecular signatures in oligodendrogliomas. About 1,000 oligodendrogliomas are diagnosed per year in the United States. Clin. J. Pathol. Few neural tumours have round nuclei - DDx in intraoperative specimen: High mitotic rate (6 or more mitoses/10 HPF of 0.55mm). Delays in diagnosis are likely to occur given the nature of pediatric oligodendroglioma. 2016 Mar;18(3):388-400. doi: 10.1093/neuonc/nov182. Each stratum has different combination treatments and targeted patient populations. Neuro Oncol. doi: 10.1007/s11095-013-1264-4, Amankulor, N. M., Kim, Y., Arora, S., Kargl, J., Szulzewsky, F., Hanke, M., et al. Accounting to up to 5% of all neuroepithelial tumors (Ostrom et al., 2017), oligodendroglial tumors have an incidence rate of around 1,000 new cases per year in the United States. (WC/jensflorian), Demonstration of IDH1 R132H mutation in oligodendroglioma. The role of IDH2, on the other hand, is limited to the mitochondria where it catalyzes the same reaction as part of the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA). Make your tax-deductible gift and be a part of the cutting-edge research and care that's changing medicine. A neuropathologist should then review the tumor tissue. Oligodendroglioma is a molecularly defined diagnosis requiring demonstration of both: Unbalanced translocation between chromosome 1 and 19, resulting in whole arm loss of 1p and 19q chromosomal material (1p / 19q codeletion), Incomplete or partial deletions are not compatible with oligodendroglioma diagnosis, Often absent in teenagers with oligodendroglioma (, Loss of H3K27 trimethylation by immunohistochemistry (. Cancer-associated IDH1 mutations produce 2-hydroxyglutarate Dang L, White DW, Gross S, et al. high priestess certification, bluesville rack of blues,
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